看穿托福阅读句子插入题出题思路 找到衔接词难题迎刃而解

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托福阅读众多题型中句子插入题可算是比较有特色的一种题型了。这道题目要求考生把某个句子放回到原文中并确保上下文句意通顺逻辑合理,这种反向往文章里加内容而不是从已有文章里找线索的题型让许多一下转不过弯来的同学难以应对。如何做好这个题型?下面小编就从看衔接词的角度实例讲解正确解题思路。

托福阅读句子插入题简介

在托福阅读的考查中,每篇文章必会出现一类题,叫做"Insert Text Questions",即句子插入题(简称插入题)。考试中,考生会遇到一句话,问该句插入文中四个黑色方块中的哪个位置最合适。这类题型重点考查英文句子间的逻辑语义关系,即英文中句子与句子是如何衔接在一起的。

所以,考生只要掌握了英语句子间的衔接手法(cohesive devices),这种问题便可迎刃而解。 那么衔接手法到底有哪些呢?如何通过发现句子里的隐藏玄机而找到上下文的逻辑呢?下面小编先来给大家介绍一下两种解决插入题可以参考的衔接手法。

句子插入题解题找衔接词:代词衔接

代词衔接具体包括人称代词(they, them, it等)、指示代词(these, this, such等)和关系代词等(their, its等)。在上下句的关联中,代词是最为紧密的一类词。当作者再次谈及上句相关话题时,为了避免重复,遵循语言学的最简单化原理,作者会用代词指代该话题词。因此,如果要插入的句子中出现代词,表明句子前面含有该代词指代的名词事物或某句话所描述的事情。只要我们找到代词所指代的内容,就可以把要插入的句子放在所指代内容的句子的后面。

句子插入题解题找衔接词:定冠词the + 名词

名词所指对象第一次出现时,用不定冠词a连接,当后句再次提及该名词对象时,为了表示它和前一句名词是同一关系,会用定冠词the引出。因此,如果句子中出现(the + 名词),表明该名词之前已出现,只要我们找到该名词第一次出现的句子,把要插入的句子放在这个句子后面,再看逻辑是否通顺即可。

托福阅读句子插入提解题思路实例讲解

以上两种衔接手法可以通过以下这个例子来更好地说明:

We all know that many more people today are right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? ■Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. ■When a left hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. ■Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. ■Of 148 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.

Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

The stencils of hands found in these shelters and caves allow us to draw conclusions about which hand was dominant.

解题思路

快速阅读需要被插入原文中的句子,马上可以看到句子中提到了指示代词these,其内容为these shelters and caves,根据指示代词的性质,shelters and caves一定在上一句句子中提到,因此我们只需要寻找原文中含有这个信息的句子即可。另外,本句还有定冠词the stencils,证明stencils也是在本句之前已出现。 然后分别阅读四个方块之前的句子:第二句提到既提到了stencils也提到了rock shelters和 Ice Age caves,因此可以判断放在第二个黑色方块的位置,代入进去后再读一下是否通顺即可确定。

简而言之,要插入的句子里的代词,定冠词是破解上下文逻辑的关键。有了以上的“必杀技“,妈妈再也不用担心我不会做插入句子题啦!

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